diff --git a/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/controller/PostController.java b/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/controller/PostController.java
index 68e0f95..9ac733f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/controller/PostController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/controller/PostController.java
@@ -1,151 +1,152 @@
 package com.example.g8backend.controller;
+
 import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.QueryWrapper;
 import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.pagination.Page;
+import com.example.g8backend.dto.ApiResponse;
 import com.example.g8backend.dto.PostCreateDTO;
 import com.example.g8backend.dto.PostHistoryDTO;
+import com.example.g8backend.entity.Post;
 import com.example.g8backend.entity.PostView;
 import com.example.g8backend.mapper.PostViewMapper;
+import com.example.g8backend.service.IPostService;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
 import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
 import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
-import com.example.g8backend.entity.Post;
-import com.example.g8backend.service.IPostService;
+
 import java.util.List;
+
 @RestController
 @RequestMapping("/post")
 public class PostController {
+
     @Autowired
     private IPostService postService;
-    @Autowired  // ✅ 新增注入
+
+    @Autowired
     private PostViewMapper postViewMapper;
+
     @PostMapping("")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> createPost(@RequestBody PostCreateDTO postCreateDTO) {
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<Void>> createPost(@RequestBody PostCreateDTO postCreateDTO) {
+        long userId = (long) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
         Post post = postCreateDTO.getPost();
         Long[] tagIds = postCreateDTO.getTagIds();
         post.setUserId(userId);
-        if (tagIds.length > 0){
+        if (tagIds.length > 0) {
             postService.createPost(post, tagIds);
         } else {
             postService.createPost(post);
         }
-        return ResponseEntity.ok().build();
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.message("Post created successfully."));
     }
+
     @GetMapping("/{postId}")
-    public Post getPost(@PathVariable Long postId) {
-        // 获取当前用户ID
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
-        // 记录浏览行为
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<Post>> getPost(@PathVariable Long postId) {
+        long userId = (long) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
         postService.recordViewHistory(userId, postId);
-        // 返回帖子详情
-        return postService.getById(postId);
+        Post post = postService.getById(postId);
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.success(post));
     }
+
     @DeleteMapping("/{postId}")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> deletePost(@PathVariable("postId") Long postId) {
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<String>> deletePost(@PathVariable Long postId) {
+        long userId = (long) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
         Post post = postService.getById(postId);
         if (post == null) {
-            return ResponseEntity.status(500).body("Post not found.");
+            return ResponseEntity.status(404).body(ApiResponse.error(404, "Post not found."));
         }
-        if (post.getUserId()!= userId) {
-            return ResponseEntity.status(403).body("You are not authorized to delete this post.");
+        if (post.getUserId() != userId) {
+            return ResponseEntity.status(403).body(ApiResponse.error(403, "You are not authorized to delete this post."));
         }
         postService.removeById(postId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok().body("Post deleted successfully.");
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.message("Post deleted successfully."));
     }
-    @GetMapping("/getAll")
-    public List<Post> getAllPosts() {
-        return postService.list();
-    }
-    @GetMapping("/getByUserId/{userId}")
-    public List<Post> getPostsByUserId(@PathVariable("userId") Long userId) {
-        return postService.getPostsByUserId(userId);
-    }
-    @PutMapping("/{postId}")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> updatePost(@PathVariable("postId") Long postId, @RequestBody Post post) {
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
-        Post existingPost = postService.getById(postId);
 
+    @GetMapping("/getAll")
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<List<Post>>> getAllPosts() {
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.success(postService.list()));
+    }
+
+    @GetMapping("/getByUserId/{userId}")
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<List<Post>>> getPostsByUserId(@PathVariable Long userId) {
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.success(postService.getPostsByUserId(userId)));
+    }
+
+    @PutMapping("/{postId}")
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<String>> updatePost(@PathVariable Long postId, @RequestBody Post post) {
+        long userId = (long) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
+        Post existingPost = postService.getById(postId);
         if (existingPost == null) {
-            return ResponseEntity.status(500).body("Post not found.");
+            return ResponseEntity.status(404).body(ApiResponse.error(404, "Post not found."));
         }
         if (existingPost.getUserId() != userId) {
-            return ResponseEntity.status(403).body("You are not authorized to update this post.");
+            return ResponseEntity.status(403).body(ApiResponse.error(403, "You are not authorized to update this post."));
         }
 
         post.setPostId(postId);
         post.setUserId(userId);
         postService.updateById(post);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok().body("Post updated successfully.");
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.message("Post updated successfully."));
     }
+
     @GetMapping("/type/{postType}")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> getPostsByType(@PathVariable String postType) {
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<List<Post>>> getPostsByType(@PathVariable String postType) {
         List<Post> posts = postService.getPostsByType(postType);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok().body(posts);
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.success(posts));
     }
+
     @PostMapping("/{postId}/like")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> likePost(@PathVariable Long postId) {
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<String>> likePost(@PathVariable Long postId) {
+        long userId = (long) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
         postService.likePost(userId, postId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok().body("Post liked successfully.");
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.message("Post liked successfully."));
     }
+
     @DeleteMapping("/{postId}/like")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> unlikePost(@PathVariable Long postId) {
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<String>> unlikePost(@PathVariable Long postId) {
+        long userId = (long) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
         postService.unlikePost(userId, postId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok().body("Post unliked successfully.");
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.message("Post unliked successfully."));
     }
+
     @GetMapping("/{postId}/likes")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> getPostLikeCount(@PathVariable Long postId) {
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<Long>> getPostLikeCount(@PathVariable Long postId) {
         Long likeCount = postService.getPostLikeCount(postId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok().body(likeCount);
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.success(likeCount));
     }
-    // 搜索帖子
+
     @GetMapping("/search")
-    public List<Post> searchPosts(
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<List<Post>>> searchPosts(
             @RequestParam(required = false) String keyword,
-            @RequestParam(required = false) List<Long> tags,  // 修改为接收多个标签
+            @RequestParam(required = false) List<Long> tags,
             @RequestParam(required = false) String author) {
-        return postService.searchPosts(keyword, tags, author);
+        List<Post> result = postService.searchPosts(keyword, tags, author);
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.success(result));
     }
 
     @GetMapping("/history")
-    public ResponseEntity<List<PostHistoryDTO>> getViewHistory() {
-        // 获取当前用户ID
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
-
-        // 调用Service层
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<List<PostHistoryDTO>>> getViewHistory() {
+        long userId = (long) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
         List<PostHistoryDTO> history = postService.getViewHistoryWithTitles(userId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(history);
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.success(history));
     }
+
     @GetMapping("/recommended")
-    public ResponseEntity<Page<Post>> getRecommendedPosts(
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<Page<Post>>> getRecommendedPosts(
             @RequestParam(defaultValue = "1") int page,
             @RequestParam(defaultValue = "10") int size) {
-        // 获取当前用户ID
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
-        // 调用 Service 层方法
+        long userId = (long) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
         Page<Post> pageResult = postService.getRecommendedPosts(page, size, userId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(pageResult);
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.success(pageResult));
     }
+
     @GetMapping("/recommended-by-tags")
-    public ResponseEntity<Page<Post>> getRecommendedByTags(
+    public ResponseEntity<ApiResponse<Page<Post>>> getRecommendedByTags(
             @RequestParam(defaultValue = "1") int page,
             @RequestParam(defaultValue = "10") int size) {
-        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
-        long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
-        // 调用标签推荐方法
+        long userId = (long) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
         Page<Post> result = postService.getRecommendedByTags(page, size, userId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(result);
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(ApiResponse.success(result));
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/controller/UserController.java b/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/controller/UserController.java
index 0473025..121bc1a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/controller/UserController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/controller/UserController.java
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 package com.example.g8backend.controller;
 
+import com.example.g8backend.dto.ApiResponse;
 import com.example.g8backend.entity.Message;
 import com.example.g8backend.entity.User;
 import com.example.g8backend.service.IUserService;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
-import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
 import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
 import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@@ -21,65 +21,68 @@
 
     // 获取已登录的用户信息
     @GetMapping
-    public ResponseEntity<?> getUserInfo(){
+    public ApiResponse<User> getUserInfo(){
         Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
         long userId = (long) authentication.getPrincipal();
         User user = userService.getById(userId);
-        user.setPassword(null);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(user);
+        user.setPassword(null);  // 不返回密码
+        return ApiResponse.success(user);
     }
+
     // ==================== 关注功能 ====================
+
     @PostMapping("/follow/{userId}")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> followUser(@PathVariable Long userId) {
+    public ApiResponse<Map<String, Boolean>> followUser(@PathVariable Long userId) {
         Long currentUserId = getCurrentUserId();
         boolean success = userService.followUser(currentUserId, userId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(Map.of("success", success));
+        return ApiResponse.success(Map.of("success", success));
     }
 
     @DeleteMapping("/follow/{userId}")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> unfollowUser(@PathVariable Long userId) {
+    public ApiResponse<Map<String, Boolean>> unfollowUser(@PathVariable Long userId) {
         Long currentUserId = getCurrentUserId();
         boolean success = userService.unfollowUser(currentUserId, userId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(Map.of("success", success));
+        return ApiResponse.success(Map.of("success", success));
     }
 
     @GetMapping("/followings")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> getFollowings() {
+    public ApiResponse<List<User>> getFollowings() {
         Long currentUserId = getCurrentUserId();
         List<User> followings = userService.getFollowings(currentUserId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(followings);
+        return ApiResponse.success(followings);
     }
 
     @GetMapping("/followers")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> getFollowers() {
+    public ApiResponse<List<User>> getFollowers() {
         Long currentUserId = getCurrentUserId();
         List<User> followers = userService.getFollowers(currentUserId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(followers);
+        return ApiResponse.success(followers);
     }
 
     // ==================== 私信功能 ====================
+
     @PostMapping("/message/{receiverId}")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> sendMessage(
+    public ApiResponse<Map<String, Long>> sendMessage(
             @PathVariable Long receiverId,
             @RequestBody String content
     ) {
         Long senderId = getCurrentUserId();
         Long messageId = userService.sendMessage(senderId, receiverId, content);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(Map.of("messageId", messageId));
+        return ApiResponse.success(Map.of("messageId", messageId));
     }
 
     @GetMapping("/messages/{otherUserId}")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> getMessages(@PathVariable Long otherUserId) {
+    public ApiResponse<List<Message>> getMessages(@PathVariable Long otherUserId) {
         Long currentUserId = getCurrentUserId();
         List<Message> messages = userService.getMessages(currentUserId, otherUserId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(messages);
+        return ApiResponse.success(messages);
     }
 
     @GetMapping("/messages/history")
-    public ResponseEntity<?> getMessageHistory() {
+    public ApiResponse<List<Message>> getMessageHistory() {
         Long currentUserId = getCurrentUserId();
         List<Message> messages = userService.getMessageHistory(currentUserId);
-        return ResponseEntity.ok(messages);
+        return ApiResponse.success(messages);
     }
 
     // ==================== 工具方法 ====================
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/dto/ApiResponse.java b/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/dto/ApiResponse.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..45de32f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/example/g8backend/dto/ApiResponse.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package com.example.g8backend.dto;
+
+public class ApiResponse<T> {
+    private int code;
+    private String message;
+    private T data;
+
+    public ApiResponse() {}
+
+    public ApiResponse(int code, String message, T data) {
+        this.code = code;
+        this.message = message;
+        this.data = data;
+    }
+
+    public static <T> ApiResponse<T> success(T data) {
+        return new ApiResponse<>(200, "Success", data);
+    }
+
+    public static <T> ApiResponse<T> success(String message, T data) {
+        return new ApiResponse<>(200, message, data);
+    }
+
+    public static <T> ApiResponse<T> message(String message) {
+        return new ApiResponse<>(200, message, null);
+    }
+
+    public static <T> ApiResponse<T> error(int code, String message) {
+        return new ApiResponse<>(code, message, null);
+    }
+
+    // Getters and Setters 略，也可使用 Lombok 注解
+}